Approximate borders
114 states, peoples and territories are mapped in 1279. The largest are Great Khanate, Siberians, Bantu peoples.
Explore 1279 on the mapAreas calculated from the map outlines (≈). Share of Earth's land area including Antarctica.
| # | State or people | Area | Share of land |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Great Khanate | 10,552,681 km² (4,074,413 sq mi) | 7.1% |
| 2 | Siberians | 9,032,068 km² (3,487,301 sq mi) | 6.1% |
| 3 | Bantu peoples | 8,475,511 km² (3,272,413 sq mi) | 5.7% |
| 4 | Australian aboriginal hunter-gatherers | 7,602,370 km² (2,935,292 sq mi) | 5.1% |
| 5 | Khanate of the Golden Horde | 5,247,364 km² (2,026,019 sq mi) | 3.5% |
| 6 | Touareg | 4,419,737 km² (1,706,470 sq mi) | 3.0% |
| 7 | West African cereal farmers | 4,215,115 km² (1,627,465 sq mi) | 2.8% |
| 8 | Ilkhanate | 3,780,624 km² (1,459,707 sq mi) | 2.5% |
| 9 | Eastern North American hunter-gatherers | 3,542,665 km² (1,367,831 sq mi) | 2.4% |
| 10 | Chagatai Khanate | 3,309,021 km² (1,277,620 sq mi) | 2.2% |
| 11 | Amazon hunter-gatherers | 3,215,447 km² (1,241,491 sq mi) | 2.2% |
| 12 | Savanna hunter-gatherers | 3,035,072 km² (1,171,848 sq mi) | 2.0% |
Comparing the two snapshots. Some differences reflect improved mapping rather than real events, especially before 1500.
Never formalized
The Mongol conquests that follow create the largest contiguous land empire in history. By 1260 it splits into four khanates.
See it on the 1279 mapNever formalized
A war that began in 1235 ends at the naval Battle of Yamen in 1279, putting all of China under Kublai Khan's Yuan dynasty.
See it on the 1279 map